Immunotherapy in Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Therapies and Future Directions

Authors

  • Simran Thakkar Department of Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
  • Saptarshi Bhattacharya Department of Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
  • Lakshmi Nagendra Department of Endocrinology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India
  • Sanjay Kalra Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-10

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder
marked by the destruction of insulin-producing
pancreatic beta-cells. While insulin therapy remains the
standard of care, advancements in immunotherapy
present promising alternatives aimed at halting disease
progression and reducing insulin dependence. This brief
review highlights key immunomodulatory therapies,
including teplizumab, which has demonstrated the ability
to delay the onset of T1D, and rituximab, known for
preserving beta-cell function, though its effects tend to be
transient. Emerging treatments, such as stem-cell
therapies, also show potential. However, significant
challenges remain, including high costs, long-term safety
concerns, and the need for personalized care. As this
therapeutic landscape evolves, further research is critical
to optimizing these strategies and moving closer to a
potential cure for T1D.
Keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmunity,
immunotherapy, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody,
teplizumab,

Published

2025-01-26

How to Cite

Simran Thakkar, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, Lakshmi Nagendra, & Sanjay Kalra. (2025). Immunotherapy in Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Therapies and Future Directions. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 75(02), 322–324. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.25-10

Issue

Section

RECENT ADVANCES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY

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